mongodb|副本集部署 – Wakamizu's Blog

实验环境

主机/IP	角色	系统
server01/192.168.1.201	主节点	ubuntu 22.04
server02/192.168.1.202	从节点	/
server03/192.168.1.203	仲裁节点	/
server04/192.168.1.204	优先级为0的从节点	/
server05/192.168.1.205	隐藏的从节点	/
server06/192.168.1.206	延迟的从节点	/

一个副本集最多可以有 50 个节点，但只有 7 个投票节点。如果副本集已有 7 个投票节点，则其他节点必须为非投票节点。

server01

生成密钥

mkdir -p /usr/local/src/mongodb/certs
openssl rand -base64 756 > /usr/local/src/mongodb/certs/replset.key
chmod 600 /usr/local/src/mongodb/certs/replset.key
chown -R mongodb:mongodb /usr/local/src/mongodb/certs

将密钥复制到其他节点

All Nodes

安装mongodb

sudo apt-get install gnupg curl
curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-8.0.asc | \
   sudo gpg -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg \
   --dearmor
echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu jammy/mongodb-org/8.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-8.0.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

修改配置文件

vim /etc/mongod.conf

# 设置监听端口
net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0
# 设置安全
security:
    authorization: "enabled"
    keyFile: "/usr/local/src/mongodb/certs/replset.key"
# 设置集群信息
replication:
    replSetName: "myreplicaset"

启动软件

systemctl start mongod

server01

注册集群

mongosh
use admin
config={ _id:"myreplicaset", members:[ {_id:0,host:'192.168.1.201:27017',priority:2},{_id:1,host:'192.168.1.202:27017',priority:1},{_id:2,host:'192.168.1.203:27017',arbiterOnly:true}] };
rs.initiate(config)

副本集名称为myreplicaset；
id为0，priority为2的192.168.1.201节点将会是主节点；
id为1，priority为1的192.168.1.202节点将会是从节点；
id为2，priority为1的192.168.1.203节点，因为设置了arbiterOnly:true，所以它是仲裁节点

查询副本集状态（建立完成时间根据服务器配置）

rs.status()

{
  set: 'mymongo',
  date: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:18.040Z'),
  myState: 1,
  term: Long('4'),
  syncSourceHost: '',
  syncSourceId: -1,
  heartbeatIntervalMillis: Long('2000'),
  majorityVoteCount: 2,
  writeMajorityCount: 2,
  votingMembersCount: 3,
  writableVotingMembersCount: 2,
  optimes: {
    lastCommittedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
    lastCommittedWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
    readConcernMajorityOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
    appliedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
    durableOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
    writtenOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
    lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
    lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
    lastWrittenWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z')
  },
  lastStableRecoveryTimestamp: Timestamp({ t: 1728232533, i: 1 }),
  electionCandidateMetrics: {
    lastElectionReason: 'priorityTakeover',
    lastElectionDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:09:43.603Z'),
    electionTerm: Long('4'),
    lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728230983, i: 1 }), t: Long('3') },
    lastSeenWrittenOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728230983, i: 1 }), t: Long('3') },
    lastSeenOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728230983, i: 1 }), t: Long('3') },
    numVotesNeeded: 2,
    priorityAtElection: 2,
    electionTimeoutMillis: Long('10000'),
    priorPrimaryMemberId: 1,
    numCatchUpOps: Long('0'),
    newTermStartDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:09:43.619Z'),
    wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:09:43.718Z')
  },
  members: [
    {
      _id: 0,
      name: '192.168.1.201:27017',
      health: 1,
      state: 1,
      stateStr: 'PRIMARY',
      uptime: 1606,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.000Z'),
      optimeWritten: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
      optimeWrittenDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      lastWrittenWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: '',
      electionTime: Timestamp({ t: 1728230983, i: 2 }),
      electionDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:09:43.000Z'),
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 4,
      self: true,
      lastHeartbeatMessage: ''
    },
    {
      _id: 1,
      name: '192.168.1.202:27017',
      health: 1,
      state: 2,
      stateStr: 'SECONDARY',
      uptime: 1604,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
      optimeDurable: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
      optimeWritten: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }), t: Long('4') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.000Z'),
      optimeDurableDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.000Z'),
      optimeWrittenDate: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      lastWrittenWallTime: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:13.677Z'),
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:16.350Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:16.882Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '192.168.1.201:27017',
      syncSourceId: 0,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 4
    },
    {
      _id: 2,
      name: '192.168.1.203:27017',
      health: 1,
      state: 7,
      stateStr: 'ARBITER',
      uptime: 1604,
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:16.350Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2024-10-06T16:36:16.348Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 4
    }
  ],
  ok: 1,
  '$clusterTime': {
    clusterTime: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 }),
    signature: {
      hash: Binary.createFromBase64('AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=', 0),
      keyId: Long('0')
    }
  },
  operationTime: Timestamp({ t: 1728232573, i: 1 })
}

创建超级用户

use admin
db.createUser({user:'root',pwd:'root#1234',roles:[{role: 'root', db: 'admin'},{ role: "__system", db: "admin" }]})

测试

接下来可以在各个节点对数据进行写入读取，以及停止主节点服务观测故障转移的功能是否生效

mongosh --username root --password  --authenticationDatabase admin
use test
db.inventory.insertMany([
   { item: "journal", qty: 25, tags: ["blank", "red"], size: { h: 14, w: 21, uom: "cm" } },
   { item: "mat", qty: 85, tags: ["gray"], size: { h: 27.9, w: 35.5, uom: "cm" } },
   { item: "mousepad", qty: 25, tags: ["gel", "blue"], size: { h: 19, w: 22.85, uom: "cm" } }
])

拓展

部署优先级为0的从节点，它不能成为主节点和不能参加投票，适合备份数据使用

rs.add({ _id: 3, host: '192.168.1.204:27017', priority: 0 });

部署隐藏的从节点，它们对客户端不可见，不能成为主节点，但是可以进行投票，适合备份、分析、报告等任务

# 获取当前配置
config = rs.conf();
# 添加新成员
config.members.push({ _id: 4, host: '192.168.1.205:27017', priority: 0, hidden: true });
# 重新应用配置
rs.reconfig(config);

部署延迟的从节点，它们对客户端不可见，不能成为主节点，但是可以进行投票，它的特点是延迟复制，对恢复、分析很早之前的数据十分有用

# 获取当前配置
config = rs.conf();
# 添加新成员,secondaryDelaySecs单位为秒
config.members.push({ _id: 5, host: '192.168.1.206:27017', priority: 0, hidden: true, secondaryDelaySecs: 3600 });
# 重新应用配置
rs.reconfig(config);

删除节点

rs.remove("host:port")

替换成员

cfg = rs.conf()
cfg.members[0].host = "host:port"
rs.reconfig(cfg)

实验环境

server01

All Nodes

server01

测试

拓展

发送评论 编辑评论

发送评论编辑评论