实验环境

主机/IP	角色	系统
server01/192.168.1.201	configserver	ubuntu 22.04
server02/192.168.1.202	mongos	/
server03/192.168.1.203	shard1-primary	/
server04/192.168.1.204	shard1-secondary	/
server05/192.168.1.205	shard1-secondary	/
server06/192.168.1.206	shard2-primary	/
server07/192.168.1.207	shard2-secondary	/
server08/192.168.1.208	shard2-secondary	/

All Nodes

安装mongodb

sudo apt-get install gnupg curl
curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-8.0.asc | \
   sudo gpg -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg \
   --dearmor
echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu jammy/mongodb-org/8.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-8.0.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

修改配置文件

server01

vim /etc/mongod.conf

net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0
sharding:
  clusterRole: configsvr
replication:
  replSetName: config

• sharding.clusterRole值为configsvr
• replication.replSetName值为配置副本集名称

systemctl start mongod

server02

vim /etc/mongod.conf

net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0
sharding:
  configDB: config/192.168.1.201:27017

• sharding.configDB的值为配置副本集的名称和成员

使用systemd管理mongos

注意：由于这里是测试环境,配置副本集只采用一台，所以配置systmd的时候会出现不符合生产环境告警，将配置副本集拓展到3个成员即可

chown mongodb:mongodb /var/log/mongodb
vim /etc/systemd/system/mongos.service

[Unit]
Description=MongoDB Sharding Router (mongos)
After=network.target

[Service]
User=mongodb
Group=mongodb
ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongos -f /etc/mongod.conf
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mongos

server03 && server04 && server05

vim /etc/mongod.conf

net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
replication:
  replSetName: shard1

• sharding.clusterRole值为shardsvr
• replication.replSetName值为分片副本集名称

systemctl start mongod

server05 && server06 && server07

vim /etc/mongod.conf

net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 0.0.0.0
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
replication:
  replSetName: shard2

systemctl start mongod

初始化配置副本集

server01

mongosh
rs.initiate(
  {
    _id: "config",
    configsvr: true,
    members: [
      { _id : 0, host : "192.168.1.201:27017" },
    ]
  }

查看状态

rs.status()

初始化分片副本集

server01

mongosh
rs.initiate(
  {
    _id: "shard1",
    members: [
      { _id : 0, host : "192.168.1.203:27017" },
      { _id : 1, host : "192.168.1.204:27017" },
      { _id : 2, host : "192.168.1.205:27017" }
    ]
  }
)

查看状态

rs.status()

server02

mongosh
rs.initiate(
  {
    _id: "shard2",
    members: [
      { _id : 0, host : "192.168.1.206:27017" },
      { _id : 1, host : "192.168.1.207:27017" },
      { _id : 2, host : "192.168.1.208:27017" }
    ]
  }
)

查看状态

rs.status()

将分片添加到集群

server02

mongosh
sh.addShard( "shard1/192.168.1.203:27017,192.168.1.204:27017,192.168.1.205:27017")
sh.addShard( "shard1/192.168.1.206:27017,192.168.1.207:27017,192.168.1.208:27017")

启用分片

server02

mongosh
# 创建数据库
use testdb
# 为数据库启用分片
sh.enableSharding("testdb")
# 为集合设置分片规则，这里使用哈希索引作为分片键
sh.shardCollection("testdb.order",{_id:"hashed"})

验证

# 插入1000条数据
for (i = 1; i <= 1000; i=i+1){
    db.order.insertOne({'price': 1})
}

查看插入量

db.order.find().count()

sevrer03 && server06

mongosh
use testdb
db.order.find().count()

最终结果会发现数据存放在不同的分片副本集中

拓展

将新成员添加进副本集直接倒主节点执行rs.add("成员IP:端口")