可以通过绕过权限检查的方式临时获取数据库访问权限

方法1

停止服务

systemctl stop mysql

修改配置

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf

[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables

启动服务

systemctl start mysql

修改密码

flush privileges;
alter 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
exit;

注释配置

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf

[mysqld]
#skip-grant-tables

重启服务

systemctl restart mysql

方法2

停止mysql服务

systemctl stop mysql

绕过权限检查启动mysql

mysqld_safe  --skip-grant-tables --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock &

进入mysql

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

更改密码

flush privileges;
alter 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
exit;

结束服务

pkill mysqld

启动服务

systemctl start mysql